Atropine is used to reduce salivation, bronchial secretions, and vomiting associated with anesthesia. It can also be used to treat bradycardia (slow heart rate) and has a potential antiemetic effect. However, it should be used cautiously in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cardiac outflow obstruction (SAS), or during high vascular resistance (alpha-2 agonist administration) due to its anticholinergic effects.
Commonly, atropine will be administered SC, IM or IV. SC and IM doses are typically 0.04 mg/kg and IV dosing is 0.02 mg/kg. The onset is often 2-3 minutes after IV administration but some transient arrhythmias (2nd degree AV block) may occur during the transition to a higher heart rate. Atropine should be included in every emergency drug kit for veterinary clinics.
